The Intolerable Acts

    After the Seven Year War the British parliament took notice that they protected a little too much the American people. They received a lot without paying taxes and all their well beings came from the poor back in England. Parliament decided to impose new taxes on the Colonists like the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act. The Colonist accepted this taxes and besides they couldn't do anything about it, or maybe they didn't think they could do something. The parliament saw that they were doing god with the taxes and decided to add more taxes to the list. Colonists didn't like this new taxes and the climax was reached until parliament placed tax on tea, an everyday thing. People refused to pay this tax and just stopped buying British tea.

    The Dutch also made tea and the smugglers were still doing their job. People started to buy their tea although it was more expensive than the British even with the tax, but no one cared and didn't buy any British tea. Parliament thought maybe the Colonists thought the price was too high and made the East India Company sell the British directly and placed a store for them. No one bought it although it was even cheaper now even with the tax. Parliament was tired of their disobedience and created more taxes. they were called the Intolerable Acts.

• The Boston Port Bill: established on June 1, 1774. The King closed Boston Harbor to everything but British ships.

• The Quartering Act of 1774: established on March 24, 1765. The King sent lots of British troops to Boston. The colonists had to house and feed the British troops. If the colonists didn't do this for the British troops, they would get shot. They had done this already but now the Colonist knew that the soldiers weren't there to protect them but to spy them.

• The Administration of Justice Act: established on May 20, 1774. British Officials could not be tried in colonial courts for crimes. They would be taken back to Britain and have a trial there. That left the British free to do whatever they wanted in the colonies and to the Colonists.

• Massachusetts Government Act: established on May 20, 1774. The British Governer was in charge of all the town meetings in Boston. There would no more self-government in Boston. This gave all mighty power to the governors and the Colonists had less saying than before.  

• The Quebec Act: established on May 20, 1774, This bill extended the Canadian borders to cut off the western colonies of Connecticut, Massachusettes and Virginia.

 

French and Indian War

     The British and the French were fighting for colonial total power in the new land, America. The English government had a debt already by other wars they were fighting back in Europe with the king of Prussia. The English Navy has always been the best of the armies through out the world and couldn't afford to lose a war, worst with the French their worst enemies. The government was seeking for new ways to finance the increasing population in America and the poor people of England and the wars aren't helping. They started to create new taxes like the stamp act and the molasses in the sugar act, since the smugglers were taking advantage of the profits that were sent to the Colonists. England wanted to overcome the poverty and the over-population and were having success until the finances were not good. 

     The Native Americans and the French formed and alliance to fight against the British, knowing they had the best navy at the time. This war was known as the Seven Year War in Europe and was fought in     every place there was a British colony: Europe, Asia, Africa, and the West Indies. They became stronger and managed to have the upper hand of the war from 1756 to 1757. The French army  destroyed forts at Lake Ontario and Lake George. The French had a cargo ship coming from Europe with all their weapons and supplies. The Indians were happy with the head start in the war at the time, but than something happened and the Native Americans changed their minds.

     One time the British stopped the cargo ships that transported the supplies of the French. This act made the French have an enormous disadvantage and the British had the head of the war now. From there on the British won small and big battles and the French were losing land in Canada and America. the Indians as they saw that the French were losing power they broke the alliance with them and some moved to upper land in Canada. In 1763 the Seven Year War ended with the Britain's victory over the French but the revolutionary wars didn't end there. Years later after the war, in 1783 the Treaty of Paris was signed to declare the differences of the British and French living in America although it was signed by Americans who still didn't trust them.

Sons of Liberty

Sons of Liberty was an Organization that started on Boston, Massachusetts, that was made up of men and women also known as daughters of liberty. This were from the New England colonies and what the did was to protest the acts the the British Government put on them. Some of the Important members that were in this groups were Paul Revere and Samuel Adams. Most of the members of this organizations had money, they had come from middle class or upper class. It was organized by merchants, businessmen, lawyers, journalists, and others who would be most affected by the Stamp Act. They also opposed the Townshend Acts, the Tea Tax, and any form of "Taxation without Representation".

Sons of Liberty, protest against the Stamp Act in 1765. The purpose of the tax was to help pay for troops in North America after the British victory in the Seven Years' War. This act consisted that each stamp paper the colonist used they had to pay.  It could be printed materials, legal documents, magazines, newspapers and many other types of paper used throughout the colonies. The actual cost of the Stamp Act was relatively small. Even though, the colonist get very mad and considered it a violation of their rights as Englishmen to be taxed without their consent. So it was there when they started protesting, they fought for their rights and repeal this act in March 18,1766. 

In December 1773, the Sons of Liberty made a declaration in New York City called the Association of the Sons of Liberty in New York, which stated their opposition to the Tea Act and that anyone who assisted in the execution of the act was "an enemy to the liberties of America". By the end of that year the Sons of Liberty existed in every colony. Their objective was to force Stamp Distributors throughout the colonies to resign. 

After the end of the American Revolutionary War, Isaac Sears along with Marinus Willet and John Lamb, in New York City, revived the Sons of Liberty.

John Adams

John Adams was born in 1735 in Braintree Massachusetts. He didn't wanted to study he said he would preferred a life as a farmer, but his father insisted that he had to receive a formal education. So he taught him how to read and write before he enter to school. He was well educated. He studied at Harvard College and he was a smart man, and graduated in four years in which he was studying law. Also, he was the Second president of United States and for over 25 years after failing to be reelected to the presidency. His Nickname is 

"Atlas of Independence" and hi died in July 4, 1826, in Quincy, Massachusetts.

By 1770, Adams was a successful lawyer, he was chosen to defend the British soldiers for killing five civilians in what became known as the Boston Massacre. None of the accused soldiers were sent to jail, which means he defended them very good and he presented evidence. He believed that every person deserve a defense and that this soldiers as well other persons would acted that way if they had to face that situation, because of that is why he defend them with no hesitation. 

"Is one of the most gallant, generous, manly, and disinterested actions of my whole life, and one of the best pieces of service I ever rendered my country."  That is the statement he said at the end of this case.

From 1770-74, Adams was chosen one of five to represent the colony at the First Continental Congress. He was a very active member of congress, and he was engaged by as many as ninety committees and chaired twenty-five during the second Continental Congress. John Adams was the one that offered a resolution that amounted to a declaration of independence. After that, he was pointed as an ambassador to France. He returned from that job in 1779 and worked in forming a constitution for Massachusetts, where he was appointed Minister in which to negotiate a peace.